Stair Stringer Calculator

Stair runs

Run multiple stair calculations on one page (for example, a front porch stair and a deck stair). Only the active run's result feeds the material list.

Active run name

Stair anatomy

Lettered callouts match the field names below: A Total Rise, B Tread Depth, C Tread Thickness, D Steps on Stringer, E Height of First Step, F Typical Step Height, G Total Run, H Stringer Placement Below Landing.

Know only the total height? Use Auto: code max riser. Have a step height you'd prefer to hit? Use Auto: target step height. Already know your run and step count? Use Manual.

Total riseinVertical distance from finished floor to finished floor at the top. A on the diagram.Preferred tread depthoptionalinB on the diagram. Optional — raised only if it falls under the code minimum tread depth (10 in IRC, 11 in IBC). No code caps tread depth, so a deeper tread is kept as entered. Ignored in manual mode (tread depth is derived from total run).

Advanced & code settings

Code mode, tread thickness, stringer mount type, and headroom — sensible defaults are already filled in.

Building a house stair? Use IRC. Building a stair for a commercial or multi-family building? Use IBC.

Tread thicknessoptionalinC on the diagram. Defaults to 1.5 in (standard 5/4 decking) when left blank.

Standard: the top landing framing forms the top riser, so the stringer stops one riser height below the landing. Flush: every riser is cut into the stringer, which sits flush with the landing.

HeadroominChecked against the 80 in (6 ft 8 in) minimum headroom over a stairway — IRC R311.7.2 residential, IBC 1011.3 commercial.

Plan for — risers at — in each, with 11.25 in tread depth — within the 7.75 in riser maximum (IRC R311.7.5.1).

Plan for

Stair results

Warnings

ERROR Enter a total rise greater than zero.
INFO This is a general reference only. Verify local code and field conditions before construction.

Not counted -- answer these to add them

Stringers (2x12): How wide the stair is, how far apart the stringers sit, and the stair layout that sets the cut length. How many you buy depends on the width, which this calculator doesn't ask for.

Detail values

Risers: —
Actual riser height: — in
Treads: —
Tread depth: 11.25 in
Total run: — in
Stringer length: — in
Height of first step: — in
Typical step height: — in
Steps on stringer: —
Stringer placement below landing: — in
Minimum stringer stock size: 2x12
Stair/rail bevel angle: —°
Stride check (2 x riser + tread): — in
Within the 23.6–25.6 in comfortable-walking band: —
Blondel check — within the tighter 24–25 in ideal: —

Assumptions

Code mode: IRC residential (2021)
Code limits applied: Riser 7.75 in maximum (IRC R311.7.5.1); tread 10 in minimum (IRC R311.7.5.2); headroom 80 in minimum (IRC R311.7.2). No minimum riser height and no maximum tread depth.
Comfort checks: 2 x riser + tread, read against a 23.62-25.59 in comfortable-walking band and Blondel's tighter 24-25 in ideal. Jobsite rules of thumb -- neither appears in the IRC or the IBC.
Solve mode: Automatic (code max riser)
Tread depth source: Comfort-adjusted default (17.5 in less the riser), between the 10 in code minimum and the 11.25 in one board gives. The 17.5 in is the trade's rise-plus-run rule of thumb -- estimated, not a code figure
Tread thickness: 1.5 in
Stringer mount type: Standard
Minimum stringer stock size: 2x12 (jobsite rule of thumb for typical residential rise/run; verify against your actual cut depth)

Included: riser/tread layout, stringer length, riser height, tread depth and headroom checked against the 2021 IRC (residential) or IBC (commercial), 2 x riser + tread comfort checks — jobsite rules of thumb, not code.

Not included: labor, permits, engineering review or stamped plans, fasteners and connectors unless explicitly itemized above.

Formula details

Risers: ceil(totalRise / maxRiser)
IRC R311.7.5.1: riser height not more than 7.75 in. The IRC sets no minimum.
Actual riser height: totalRise / risers
Treads: risers - 1
Tread depth: clamp(17.5 - actualRiserHeight, minTread, 11.25) or max(user preference, minTread)
The 11.25 in cap applies to the comfort default only -- it is the width of one board, not a code limit. IRC R311.7.5.2 sets a minimum tread depth (10 in here) and no maximum. The 17.5 in in the comfort default is the trade's rise-plus-run rule of thumb: estimated jobsite practice, NOT a code figure and not read from any published table.
Stringer length: sqrt(totalRise^2 + totalRun^2)
The board is cut to the diagonal of the FULL total rise and total run, whichever way the top is mounted. The standard detail hangs the stringer from the face of the rim or header (AWC DCA6 Figure 31), so its own material has to reach the whole rise. The mount type changes how many steps are cut and where the top sits, not how long the board is.
Height of first step: actualRiserHeight - treadThickness
Steps on stringer / placement below landing: risers - 1 cut into stringer, top of stringer sits one riser height below the landing
Standard mount lets the landing framing form the top riser; flush mount cuts every riser into the stringer itself. Either way the board spans the full rise -- this row is about where the sawtooth stops, not about the length of stock.
Stair bevel angle: atan(actualRiserHeight / treadDepth)

Material List

About this calculator

Enter total rise, pick a code mode, and CrewMeasure calculates risers, treads, stringer length, and comfort warnings.

FAQ

Can I reverse-solve stairs from tread count?

Not in v1. Stair geometry stays single-direction so riser rounding and code checks remain explicit and predictable.

What does the Blondel check do?

It compares twice the riser height plus tread depth against a common 24 to 25 inch comfort target and warns when it falls outside that range.

Why enter headroom separately?

Headroom depends on the surrounding structure, so the calculator flags low clearance when your entered value drops below 80 inches.

Disclaimer

This is a general reference only. Verify local code, field conditions, headroom, and final stair layout before construction.